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style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e8c\u3001\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u7de3\u8d77\u548c\u521d\u671f\u767c\u5c55<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u95a9\u3001\u7cb5\u3001\u8d1b\u4e09\u7701\u63a5\u58e4\u5730\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u539f\u9109\uff1b\u539f\u9109\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5ee3\u897f\u3001\u56db\u5ddd\u548c\u53f0\u7063\u7b49\u7701\u4ee5\u53ca\u5357\u6d0b\u3001\u5357\u975e\u3001\u6b50\u6d32\u3001\u7f8e\u6d32\u548c\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u7b49\u6d77\u5916\u5730\u5340\u4e5f\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u3002\u6839\u64da\u4e00\u500b\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u6578\u7d04\u67097\u5343\u842c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5728\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u904b\u52d5\u73fe\u6cc1\u4f5c\u4e00\u7c21\u4ecb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8207\u5ba2\u5bb6\u76f8\u9047\u65bc19\u4e16\u7d0030\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u50b3\u6559\u7684\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u90ed\u58eb\u7acb\u7267\u5e2b\uff08Rev.Karl Friederich August Gutzlaff\uff0c1803-1851\uff09\u3002\u90ed\u58eb\u7acb\u70ba\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u666e\u9b6f\u58eb\u90a6\u4eba\uff0c1823\u5e74\u65bc\u67cf\u6797\u50b3\u9053\u5b78\u9662\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u65cb\u5f80\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u8377\u862d\u50b3\u9053\u5b78\u9662\u6df1\u9020\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u9996\u9014\u4e9e\u6d32\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u5834\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u66fe\u62dc\u8a2a\u525b\u5f9e\u4e2d\u570b\u5ba3\u6559\u79be\u5834\u8fd4\u82f1\u8ff0\u8077\u7684\u99ac\u79ae\u905c\u7267\u5e2b\uff08Rev.Robert Morrison\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u53d7\u5230\u5f8c\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4ed6\u840c\u767c\u5411\u83ef\u4eba\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5fc3\u9858\u30021827\u5e74\u4ed6\u88ab\u8377\u862d\u50b3\u9053\u6703\u5dee\u5f80\u8377\u5c6c\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u722a\u54c7\u5cf6\u3002\u7fcc\u5e74\u4ed6\u812b\u96e2\u8377\u862d\u50b3\u9053\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u81ea\u7531\u50b3\u9053\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5411\u83ef\u4eba\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u722a\u54c7\u5cf6\u7684\u5df4\u9054\u7dad\u4e9e\u57ce\uff08Batavia\uff0c\u4eca\u96c5\u52a0\u9054\uff09\u50b3\u9053\u6642\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u502b\u6566\u50b3\u9053\u6703\u6559\u58eb\u9ea5\u90fd\u601d\uff08Rev. Walter Henry Medhurst\uff0c1796-1857\uff09\u300c\u904a\u884c\u5e03\u9053\u300d\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u30021831-1833\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u4e09\u6b21\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u6cbf\u6d77\u904a\u6b77\u548c\u6d3e\u767c\u798f\u97f3\u55ae\u5f35\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4ecd\u884c\u7981\u6559\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u99ac\u4f86\u4e9e\u534a\u5cf6\u548c\u9644\u8fd1\u5357\u6d0b\u4e00\u5e36\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u79fb\u6c11\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e2d\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u5176\u9593\u5b78\u66c9\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e\u3001\u6f6e\u5dde\u8a71\u3001\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u548c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a71\u7b49\u65b9\u8a00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u90ed\u58eb\u7acb\u5f8c\u4f86\u5f9e\u5357\u6d0b\u5148\u9077\u5c45\u6fb3\u9580\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u6230\u722d\u7d50\u675f\u7fcc\u5e74\u518d\u9077\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u4efb\u547d\u70ba\u9996\u4f4d\u64ab\u83ef\u9053\u3002\u4ed6\u7576\u6642\u76ee\u7779\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u79be\u5834\u5ee3\u5927\uff0c\u4e43\u5206\u5225\u81f4\u51fd\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u300c\u4e09\u5df4\u50b3\u9053\u6703\u300d\uff1a\u5df4\u8272\u50b3\u9053\u6703\uff08The Evangelical Missionary Society of Basel\uff09\u3001\u5df4\u52c9\u50b3\u9053\u6703\uff08The Rhenish Missionary Society at Barman\uff09\u548c\u5df4\u9675\u50b3\u9053\u6703\uff08The Berlin Missionary Society\uff09\uff0c\u547c\u7c72\u300c\u4e09\u5df4\u6703\u300d\u5dee\u6d3e\u6559\u58eb\u4f86\u83ef\u50b3\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u5728\u4fe1\u51fd\u4e2d\u300c\u529b\u8a00\u5ee3\u6771\u4e4b\u5ba2\u5c6c\u5730\u5340\u53ef\u767c\u5c55\u6559\u52d9\uff0c\u6df1\u70ba\u745e\u58eb\u5df4\u8272\u57ce\u5fb7\u3001\u745e\u4e8c\u570b\u8af8\u6559\u53cb\u6240\u7acb\u5dee\u6703\u8b9a\u8a31\u3002\u300d\u773e\u6559\u6703\u96a8\u5373\u97ff\u61c9\u5176\u547c\u7c72\uff0c\u6d3e\u9063\u6559\u58eb\u6771\u4f86\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u548c\u5df4\u52c9\u6703\u6559\u58eb\u5206\u5225\u5c08\u9580\u5728\u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a71\u548c\u5ee3\u5e9c\u8a71\u5730\u5340\u50b3\u9053\uff0c\u5df4\u9675\u6703\u6559\u58eb\u5247\u540c\u6642\u5728\u5169\u5730\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u30021844\u5e74\uff0c\u90ed\u7267\u5e2b\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u798f\u6f22\u6703\u300d\uff08Chinese Union\uff0c\u53d6\u300c\u6b32\u6f22\u4eba\u4fe1\u9053\u800c\u5f97\u798f\u300d\u4e4b\u7fa9\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u83ef\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u57fa\u5c64\u50b3\u9053\uff0c\u5c0d\u8c61\u4ee5\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u70ba\u4e3b\u30023<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u5176\u5f8c\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5ba2\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u798f\u97f3\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u6709\u97d3\u5c71\u660e\u7267\u5e2b\uff08Rev.Theodore Hamberg\uff0c1819-1854\uff09\u548c\u9ece\u529b\u57fa\u7267\u5e2b\uff08Rev.Rudolph Lechler\uff0c1824-1908\uff09\u5169\u4f4d\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u798f\u97f3\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u7cb5\u6771\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u50b3\u64ad\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u97d3\u5c71\u660e\u7267\u5e2b\u5728\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u6642\u7d50\u8b58\u4e86\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u570b\u9818\u8896\u6d2a\u79c0\u5168\uff08\u5ee3\u6771\u82b1\u7e23\u4eca\u82b1\u90fd\u5e02\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\uff09\u65cf\u5f1f\u6d2a\u4ec1\u7395\u30021852\u5e74\uff0c\u6d2a\u4ec1\u7395\u958b\u59cb\u5f9e\u97d3\u5c71\u660e\u7267\u5e2b\u5b78\u9053\uff0c\u5e2b\u5f92\u5169\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u83ab\u9006\u4e4b\u4ea4\u3002\u97d3\u7267\u5e2b\u64b0\u8457\u4e86\u53f2\u4e0a\u9996\u518a\u6709\u95dc\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u570b\u65e9\u671f\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6240\u6839\u64da\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6578\u64da\u5373\u70ba\u4ed6\u8207\u6d2a\u4ec1\u7395\u7684\u8a2a\u8ac7\u8a18\u9304\u3002\u96a8\u97d3\u5c71\u660e\u7267\u5e2b\u5b78\u9053\u7684\u5ba2\u5bb6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u8207\u6d2a\u4ec1\u7395\u4e00\u8d77\u53c3\u52a0\u592a\u5e73\u8ecd\u7684\u674e\u6b63\u9ad8\u6210\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba2\u5bb6\u7267\u5e2b\u3002\u6d2a\u4ec1\u7395\u540c\u6642\u5438\u6536\u97d3\u7267\u5e2b\u6240\u50b3\u6388\u897f\u65b9\u570b\u5bcc\u6c11\u5f37\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u64b0\u6210\u300a\u8cc7\u653f\u65b0\u7bc7\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u8ffd\u6c42\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u767e\u5e74\u5922\u7684\u9996\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u85cd\u672c\u30024<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u91ab\u7642\u5ba3\u6559\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5df4\u8272\u5dee\u6703\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5148\u5f8c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u5bf6\u5b89\u3001\u6771\u839e\u3001\u7cb5\u6771\u548c\u53f0\u7063\u7b49\u5ba2\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u91ab\u7642\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u793e\u6703\u6551\u52a9\u7b49\u4e8b\u696d\u30025<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u30001924\u5e74\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5be6\u884c\u81ea\u50b3\u3001\u81ea\u990a\u548c\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c\u4e26\u6539\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u4e2d\u83ef\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u300d\uff0c\u53d6\u7fa9\u300c\u5d07\u62dc\u771f\u795e\u3001\u5d07\u5c1a\u771f\u9053\u300d\u3002\u64da1948\u5e74\u8001\u9686\u5d07\u771f\u7e3d\u6703\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u8a72\u6703\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5ee3\u6771\u5171\u670925\u5340\uff08\u6703\uff09\uff0c167\u652f\u6703\u53ca\u5ba3\u9053\u6240\u3002\u6703\u53cb\u4eba\u657819\uff0c678\u4eba\u30026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u5df4\u8272\u6703\uff08\u5d07\u771f\u6703\uff09\u5728\u5ba2\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u8208\u8fa6\u91ab\u9662\u548c\u8a3a\u6240\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u65bc1893\u5e74\u30011907\u5e74\u5275\u7acb\u6885\u7e23\u5fb7\u6fdf\u91ab\u9662\uff08\u4eca\u6885\u7e23\u9ec3\u5858\u91ab\u9662\uff09\u548c\u6cb3\u6e90\u4ec1\u6fdf\u91ab\u9662\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u70ba\u5b64\u82e6\u7121\u4f9d\u7684\u5931\u660e\u5973\u5b69\u8a2d\u7acb\u76f2\u5973\u9662\uff0c\u4e26\u6559\u4ee5\u7e2b\u7d09\u7b49\u624b\u85dd\u30021950\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u52d5\u91ab\u7642\u7b49\u6148\u60e0\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u70ba\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u767e\u5ee2\u5f85\u8209\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e9f\u9700\u800c\u8feb\u5207\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6551\u6fdf\u670d\u52d9\u30027<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u696d\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u63aa\u610f\u65bc\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7de8\u64b0\u5ba2\u8a9e\u8b80\u672c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6559\u5c0e\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u8ab2\u672c\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c1862\u5e74\u9ece\u529b\u57fa\u5e2b\u6bcd\u65bc\u6551\u6069\u5802\u958b\u8fa6\u897f\u71df\u76e4\u5973\u6821\uff0c\u540d\u70ba\u5df4\u8272\u7fa9\u5b78\uff0c\u300c\u4ee5\u5ba2\u8a9e\u6388\u8ab2\uff0c\u5247\u672c\u5802\u4ea6\u5ba2\u65cf\u6559\u6703\u5973\u5b78\u4e4b\u767c\u7965\u5730\u3002\u300d8<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 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400;\">\u3000\u3000\u4f4d\u65bc\u9999\u6e2f\u9577\u6d32\u7684\u5efa\u9053\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u8a2d\u6709\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u8b93\u540c\u5b78\u5728\u5b78\u9662\u63a5\u53d7\u88dd\u5099\u6642\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5b78\u7fd2\u8056\u7d93\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u7b49\u5b78\u79d1\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u81ea2010-2011\u5b78\u5e74\u59cb\uff0c\u958b\u8a2d\u4e86\u300c\u4e2d\u83ef\u65cf\u7fa4\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u3002\u8a72\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5305\u62ec\u5169\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8ab2\u5802\u8b1b\u6388\u548c\u539f\u9109\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\uff1b\u9996\u500b\u79d1\u76ee\u5373\u70ba\u300c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u3001\u5ba2\u5bb6\u793e\u7fa4\u8207\u6559\u6703\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u30002010\u5e7412\u6708\u300c\u4e2d\u83ef\u65cf\u7fa4\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u9867\u554f\u7530\u6176\u5148\u5148\u751f\u3001\u5efa\u9053\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8207\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u90ed\u5049\u806f\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u52a9\u7406\u4e3b\u4efb\u6885\u74a7\u73e0\u59d1\u5a18\u548c\u7b46\u8005\u7387\u9818\u4fee\u8b80\u300c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u3001\u5ba2\u5bb6\u793e\u7fa4\u8207\u6559\u6703\u300d\u79d1\u76ee\u7684\u540c\u5b78\uff0c\u524d\u8d74\u5ba2\u5bb6\u539f\u9109\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5be6\u5730\u5b78\u7fd2\u8003\u5bdf\u6642\u3002\u901a\u904e\u8207\u539f\u9109\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u8a2a\u554f\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u89ba\u7576\u5730\u4fe1\u5f92\u9818\u8896\u548c\u6559\u7267\u4eba\u54e1\u5c0d\u57f9\u8a13\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u548c\u8feb\u5207\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u5982\u4f55\u5354\u52a9\u5ba2\u5bb6\u539f\u9109\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6703\u7b56\u5283\u57f9\u8a13\u8ab2\u7a0b\u800c\u9032\u884c\u5546\u8b70\u3002\u7530\u6176\u5148\u5148\u751f\u5f88\u95dc\u5fc3\u5bb6\u9109\u6885\u5dde\u5e02\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4e3b\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u76fc\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6885\u5dde\u5e02\u5b97\u6559\u5c40\u7684\u63a5\u7d0d\u548c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u56de\u61c9\u7576\u5730\u6559\u6703\u5c0d\u5e74\u9752\u6559\u7267\u540c\u5de5\u3001\u7fa9\u5de5\u53ca\u4fe1\u5f92\u57f9\u8a13\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9700\u8981\u30022011\u5e742\u6708\u7b46\u8005\u9080\u7d04\u6578\u4f4d\u95dc\u5fc3\u5ba2\u5bb6\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u4ea4\u63db\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a2\u8a0e\u5354\u52a9\u539f\u9109\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6703\u70ba\u6559\u7267\u548c\u4fe1\u5f92\u9818\u8896\u958b\u8fa6\u57f9\u8a13\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u884c\u300210<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u5bb6\u540c\u610f\u5617\u8a66\u5728\u7576\u5730\u8209\u8fa6\u6559\u7267\u540c\u5de5\u57f9\u8a13\u73ed\u3001\u7fa9\u5de5\u57f9\u8a13\u73ed\u53ca\u540c\u5de5\u9000\u4fee\u6703\u7b49\u57f9\u8a13\u4e8b\u5de5\uff1b\u4e26\u53c3\u8003\u6885\u5dde\u5e02\u8208\u5be7\u548c\u6cb3\u6e90\u5e02\u57f9\u8a13\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u57f9\u8a13\u5167\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u8b1b\u9053\uff08\u5982\u4f55\u64b0\u5beb\u8b1b\u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u7267\u990a\u53ca\u95dc\u61f7\u7b49\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5617\u8a66\u8209\u8fa6\u6559\u7267\u540c\u5de5\u9000\u4fee\u71df\uff0c\u8b93\u7576\u5730\u5802\u9ede\u6559\u7267\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4ea4\u6d41\u6a5f\u6703\uff1b\u914d\u5408\u7576\u5730\u6559\u6703\u9700\u8981\u8a2d\u8a08\u57f9\u8a13\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u62db\u96c6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0d\u570b\u5167\u6709\u8ca0\u64d4\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u751f\u6216\u6559\u7267\u5354\u52a9\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u66fe\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53ca\u57f9\u8a13\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u79d1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5c0e\u5e2b\u4eba\u6578\u548c\u6bcf\u6b21\u57f9\u8a13\u591a\u5c11\u79d1\u76ee\uff1b\u4ea6\u63d0\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u7267\u8005\u9577\u671f\u64d4\u8ca0\u8207\u7576\u5730\u6559\u6703\u806f\u7e6b\u548c\u8ddf\u9032\u4e8b\u5de5\u767c\u5c55\u300211<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span 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style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u56db\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u904b\u52d5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 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style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u300c\u5ba2\u795e\u300d\u6b63\u5728\u7c4c\u5efa\u6c38\u4e45\u6821\u820d\uff0c\u5efa\u6821\u57fa\u91d1\u66ab\u5b9a\u70ba\u4e00\u5104\u5143\u53f0\u5e63\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5efa\u6821\u5de5\u7a0b\u5f97\u5230\u5168\u53f0\u7063\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u548c\u53f0\u7063\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4fe1\u5f92\u7684\u4ee3\u79b1\u548c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fc42012\u5e745\u6708\u5efa\u6821\u57fa\u91d1\u5df2\u7c4c\u5f975\u53435\u767e\u591a\u842c\u5143\u3002\u7fa9\u52d9\u517c\u4efb\u9662\u9577\u6eab\u6c38\u751f\u7267\u5e2b\u548c\u5e2b\u6bcd\u9023\u7e8c\u4e09\u5e74\u9060\u8d74\u4f4d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u6771\u3001\u897f\u5cb8\u548c\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u7b49\u591a\u500b\u57ce\u5e02\u50b3\u905e\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u7570\u8c61\uff0c\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u904b\u52d5\u63a8\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u9ad8\u9ede\u300214<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e94\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u9077\u5f99\uff1a\u798f\u97f3\u5728\u5317\u5a46\u7f85\u6d32\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u50b3\u64ad15<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e0b\u534a\u8449\uff0c\u95a9\u7cb5\u79fb\u6c11\u5927\u8ecd\u51fa\u6d0b\u8b00\u751f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e0d\u5c11\u5ba2\u5bb6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u5f9e\u539f\u9109\u9077\u5f99\u81f3\u5357\u6d0b\u5305\u62ec\u5a46\u7f85\u6d32(\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u822c\u9ce5\u300d\uff0c\u5373Borneo\u7684\u5ba2\u8a9e\u767c\u97f3)\uff0c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4fe1\u5f92\u7fa4\u9ad4\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u6771\u99ac\u4f86\u897f\u4e9e\u7684\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u548c\u6c99\u5df4\u4e8c\u5dde(\u820a\u5317\u5a46\u7f85\u6d32)\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6c99\u5df4\u5dde\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u4fe1\u8036\u7a4c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eba\u6578\u8d85\u904e\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u5341\u3002\u7576\u5730\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u4ecd\u6cbf\u7528\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u6c99\u5df4\u5dde\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u5f88\u8208\u65fa\uff0c\u8208\u8fa6\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5ba2\u5bb6\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u3002\u6211\u5011\u671f\u5f85\u99ac\u4f86\u897f\u4e9e\u6c99\u5df4\u5dde\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u4e2d\u6d41\u7825\u67f1\uff0c\u9810\u671f\u5c07\u6703\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u5728\u50b3\u64ad\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u96c4\u539a\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u7531\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u4e3b\u8fa6\u7684\u300c\u611b\u5ba2\u5bb6\u3001\u5f97\u5ba2\u5bb6\uff1a2013\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5927\u6703\u300d\u5373\u65bc\u4eca\u5e749\u670819-22\u65e5\u5728\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u5dde\u9996\u5e9c\u53e4\u6649\u5e02\u53ec\u958b\u3002\u9019\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c46\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5927\u6703\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u9019\u88e1\u4ecb\u7d39\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u7f8e\u91cc\u798f\u97f3\u5802\uff08Miri Gospel Chapel\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u798f\u97f3\u5411\u6d77\u5916\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7f8e\u91cc\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u958b\u59cb\u6642\u662f\u4e00\u6240\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5802\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u591a\u5143\u8a9e\u8a00\u800c\u6ce8\u91cd\u5dee\u50b3\u7684\u6559\u6703\u30021963\u5e74\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u91d1\u798f\u6cc9\u7267\u5e2b\uff08Rev.Percy King\uff0c1911\u5e74-2005\u5e74\uff09\u548c\u5e2b\u6bcd\u7530\u5eb7\u4ec1\uff08\u4e3b\u4eba\u8389\u8fea\u4e9e\u7da0\u5730\uff0c1911\u5e74-2005\u5e74\uff09\u4f86\u5230\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u7f8e\u91cc\u5ba3\u6559\u4e26\u6210\u7acb\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u3002\u91d1\u7267\u5e2b18\u6b72\u56de\u61c9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ec\u547d\u7acb\u5fd7\u5230\u4e2d\u570b\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u3002\u4ed6\u65bc1937\u5e74\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u570b\u5167\u5730\u6703\u88ab\u5dee\u81f3\u56db\u5ddd\u5ba3\u6559\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u5ba3\u6559\u6642\u66fe\u8e0f\u8db3\u897f\u85cf\u671f\u9593\u5b78\u6703\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u548c\u56db\u5ddd\u8a71\u30021938\u5e74\u548c\u4f86\u81ea\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u5973\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u97f3\u53c8\u5b78\u6703\u5ba2\u8a9e\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u7f8e\u91cc\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u5408\u5171\u670914\u500b\u5802\u6703\u7684\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u6703\u53cb1\uff0c500\u4eba\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u5152\u7ae5700\u540d\uff1b\u4e26\u4e14\u5df2\u5f9e\u5ba2\u5bb6\u65b9\u8a00\u6559\u6703\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u4eca\u5929\u4ee5\u83ef\u8a9e\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u6559\u6703\u7528\u8a9e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span 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style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u57fa\u65bc\u300c\u7d66\u4e88\u300d\u9019\u500b\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u65bc1980\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u5dee\u50b3\u90e8\u3002\u7576\u6642\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5802\u6703(\u5373\u7f8e\u91cc\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u6bcd\u5802)\uff0c\u5d07\u62dc\u4eba\u6578\u5927\u7d04120\u4eba\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u300c\u7fcc\u5e74\u5c31\u8209\u8fa6\u4e86\u9996\u5c46\u7684\u5dee\u50b3\u5e74\u6703\uff0c\u8b1b\u54e1\u70ba\u9748\u60e0\u5802\u8a31\u66f8\u695a\u9577\u8001\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6559\u6703\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6703\u773e\u662f\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u9818\u8896\u5011\u5c31\u6191\u4e00\u9846\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u70ba\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u5dee\u50b3\u5e74\u6703\u8a02\u4e0b\u4e86\u4fe1\u5fc3\u8a8d\u737b\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u70ba\u99ac\u5e63\u4e00\u842c\u5143\u3002\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u7684\u4e00\u842c\u5143\u5c0d\u4fe1\u5f92\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u6975\u5927\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5c31\u6191\u7576\u6642\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u884c\u795e\u8e5f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5949\u737b\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u99ac\u5e63\u5169\u842c\u5143\u3002\u5f9e\u6b64\u5c31\u63ed\u958b\u4e86\u7f8e\u91cc\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u53c3\u8207\u666e\u4e16\u5ba3\u6559\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u300d17<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u7f8e\u91cc\u798f\u97f3\u5802\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u4e00\u9593\u300c\u5dee\u50b3\u7684\u6559\u6703\u300d\u3002\u300c\u96a8\u8457\u5ba3\u6559\u60c5\uff0c\u4f48\u9053\u71b1\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5347\u6eab\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u505c\u6b62\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5ba3\u6559\u4f5c\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u30022000\u5e74\u6559\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u82f1\u6587\u5802\uff0c\u5b97\u65e8\u4e4b\u4e00\u5247\u80fd\u8208\u8d77\u66f4\u591a\u300c\u63a5\u53d7\u300d\u82f1\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u80a2\u9ad4\u4f5c\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u30022004\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u672c\u570b\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7684\u88dc\u7fd2\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57f9\u80b2\u6709\u6f5b\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\uff0c\u5c07\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5168\u8077\u7684\u50d5\u4eba\u3002\u70ba\u52a0\u6df1\u5f1f\u5144\u59ca\u59b9\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u610f\u8b58\u8207\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u672c\u6703\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e74\u90fd\u8fa6\u570b\u5167\u5916\u5ba3\u6559\u968a\uff0c\u6b21\u6578\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u76ee\u524d\u672c\u6703\u5df2\u8a08\u5283\u65bc2007\u5e74\u5dee\u906314\u968a\u5ba3\u6559\u968a\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u300d18<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u516d\u3001\u300c\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u300d\u7684\u7570\u8c61<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u5c0d\u540c\u80de\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u4fe1\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u5fc3\u8d8a\u767c\u706b\u71b1\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a8\u52d5\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u80fd\u807d\u805e\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u6709\u300c\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u300d\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u7531\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u548c\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u773e\u6559\u6703\u767c\u8d77\u548c\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u300c\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff0c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u300c\u806f\u7d50\u95dc\u5fc3\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u5ba3\u6559\u540c\u9053\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u651c\u624b\u50b3\u63da\u57fa\u7763\u8036\u7a4c\u798f\u97f3\uff1b\u7a4d\u6975\u5f15\u9818\u5404\u5730\u5ba2\u5c6c\u540c\u80de\u6b78\u4e3b\uff0c\u9f4a\u5fc3\u52aa\u529b\u5b8c\u6210\u666e\u4e16\u5ba3\u6559\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u300d\u300c\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u300d\u7531\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u3001\u99ac\u4f86\u897f\u4e9e\u3001\u5370\u5c3c\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u7b49\u5730\u5340\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u7e54\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u6703\u5740\u73fe\u8a2d\u9999\u6e2f\u3002\u6703\u9577\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u6b63\u6703\u7e3d\u7267\u7f85\u7956\u6f84\u7267\u5e2b\uff0c\u7e3d\u5e79\u4e8b\u70ba\u6c99\u5df4\u5dde\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5df4\u8272\u6703\u9114\u5929\u8f1d\u7267\u5e2b\u3002\u201d19<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c46\u300c\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u300d\u65bc2011\u5e749\u670817-20\u65e5\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u897f\u52a0\u91cc\u66fc\u4e39\u7701\u5764\u7538\u5e02\uff08Pontianak\uff09\u53ec\u958b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c46\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u4e3b\u984c\u5b9a\u70ba\u300c\u70ba\u6211\u9aa8\u8089\u4e4b\u89aa\u300d\u300220\u6703\u8b70\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u6709\u679c\u6548\u5730\u5411\u5168\u7403\u4e03\u5343\u842c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u50b3\u64ad\u798f\u97f3\uff1a\u300c\u5f97\u8457\u5ba2\u5bb6\u3001\u50b3\u5230\u5730\u6975\u3002\u300d\u5927\u6703\u8b1b\u54e1\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u5e73\u93ae\u5802\u4e3b\u4efb\u7267\u5e2b\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u5ba2\u5bb6\u5ba3\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u7fa9\u52d9\u9662\u9577\u6eab\u6c38\u751f\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u6eab\u7267\u5e2b\u5206\u5225\u4ee5\u300c\u8a8d\u540c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u3001\u5f97\u8457\u5ba2\u5bb6\u300d\u548c\u300c\u59d4\u8eab\u5ba3\u6559\u3001\u50b3\u5230\u5730\u6975\u300d\u70ba\u984c\u4f5c\u4e86\u5169\u6b21\u5c08\u984c\u6f14\u8b1b\u3002\u53c3\u52a0\u9019\u6b21\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u6703\u8b70\u8005\u6709253\u4eba\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4f86\u81ea\u53f0\u7063(36\u4eba)\u3001\u6c99\u5df4(86\u4eba)\u3001\u6fb3\u6d32(2\u4eba)\u3001\u53e4\u6649(13\u4eba)\u3001\u9999\u6e2f(11\u4eba)\u3001\u65b0\u52a0\u5761(11\u4eba)\u3001\u5370\u5c3c(94\u4eba)\u300221<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u6578\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u83ef\u4eba\u9060\u5f99\u5357\u6d0b\u8af8\u5cf6\u5f9e\u4e8b\u958b\u58be\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u6590\u7136\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u65bc\u5a46\u7f85\u6d32\u5764\u7538\u62d3\u8352\u7684\u6885\u7e23\u4eba\u7f85\u82b3\u4f2f\uff081738-1795\uff09\u4e43\u7121\u6578\u5805\u6bc5\u679c\u6562\u58be\u8352\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u83ef\u50d1\u83ef\u4eba\u4e16\u4e16\u4ee3\u4ee3\u5728\u5357\u6d0b\u751f\u606f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u70ba\u7576\u5730\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u500b\u4e16\u7d0060\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u95dc\u9589\u6240\u6709\u83ef\u6587\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u83ef\u6587\u5831\u9928\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u9664\u4e86\u722a\u54c7\u5cf6\u7684\u4e09\u5bf6\u58df(Semarang)\u3001\u6cd7\u6c34(Surabaya)\u548c\u8607\u9580\u7b54\u81d8\u5cf6\u7684\u68c9\u862d(Medan)\u7b49\u5c11\u6578\u5730\u5340\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0b\u83ef\u4eba\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u4e0d\u61c2\u8aaa\u83ef\u8a9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u6703\u8aaa\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u8a71\u548c\u82f1\u8a9e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u30001998\u5e745\u6708\u7206\u767c\u53cd\u83ef\u66b4\u52d5\uff0c\u83ef\u4eba\u5099\u53d7\u8e42\u8eaa\uff0c\u6158\u70c8\u60c5\u6cc1\u9707\u9a5a\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8607\u54c8\u6258\u4e0b\u53f0\u3001\u74e6\u5e0c\u5fb7\u7e7c\u4efb\u7e3d\u7d71\u5f8c\uff0c\u300c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u653f\u5e9c\u6839\u64da\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u91dd\uff0c\u8abf\u6574\u5c0d\u83ef\u4eba\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6062\u5fa9\u4e2d\u83ef\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u83ef\u8a9e\u83ef\u6587\u904b\u7528\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u9010\u6f38\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u83ef\u6587\u5a92\u9ad4\u65b9\u9762\u53d7\u773e\u5c64\u9762\u9010\u6f38\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u83ef\u4eba\u5730\u4f4d\u56e0\u800c\u91cd\u65b0\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u83ef\u6587\u5b78\u6821\u5fa9\u8fa6\uff08\u8208\u8fa6\u4e09\u8a9e\u2014\u2014\u83ef\u8a9e\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u8a9e\u548c\u82f1\u8a9e\u5b78\u6821\uff09\uff0c\u83ef\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u5f97\u4ee5\u6062\u5fa9\u3002\u300c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u83ef\u6587\u7684\u98a8\u6c23\u8208\u65fa\u84ec\u52c3\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u4eba\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u884c\u5217\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u901a\u8af3\u83ef\u6587\u80fd\u5e36\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u591a\u3001\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\u8207\u524d\u9014\u3002\u300d\u51fa\u5e2d\u5764\u7538\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u6703\u8b70\u8b93\u7b46\u8005\u6df1\u611f\u798f\u97f3\u8981\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u83ef\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u50b3\u64ad\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5f97\u4e86\u89e3\u83ef\u4eba\u6240\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u300c\u96d9\u91cd\u591a\u5143\u300d\u6587\u5316\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6587\u5316\u548c\u83ef\u4eba\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u6f6e\u5dde\u3001\u5ba2\u5bb6\u3001\u95a9\u5357\u548c\u5ee3\u5e9c\u7b49\u65cf\u7fa4\u6b21\u6587\u5316\u3002\u8aa0\u7136\uff0c\u878d\u5165\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u7576\u5730\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u4e43\u83ef\u4eba\u5fc5\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u7136\u800c\u83ef\u4eba\u6240\u50b3\u627f\u7684\u4e2d\u83ef\u6587\u5316\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u65b7\u8fc5\u901f\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u5916\u83ef\u4eba\u5728\u5167\u7d1b\u7d1b\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u5b78\u7fd2\u83ef\u8a9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5b50\u5f1f\u9001\u5230\u4e2d\u570b\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e2d\u83ef\u6587\u5316\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u83ef\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u5370\u5c3c\u83ef\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65bc\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u793e\u6703\u6c1b\u570d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u9069\u61c9\u6240\u5728\u570b\u7684\u571f\u8457\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u50b3\u627f\u56e0\u9077\u5f99\u6d77\u5916\u5e7e\u4ee3\u751a\u81f3\u5341\u5e7e\u4ee3\u800c\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u8b8a\u9077\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e03\u3001\u7d50\u8a9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3000\u3000\u798f\u97f3\u5728\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u50b3\u64ad\u8fd1170\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u73fe\u6cc1\u6709\u5f85\u6df1\u5165\u3001\u5168\u9762\u63a2\u8a0e\u548c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u521d\u6b65\u5617\u8a66\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7d04\u6709\u4e03\u5343\u842c\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f03\u83ef\u4eba\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u70ba\u4f4e\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u6578\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u95dc\u6ce8\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u5f37\u5411\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u5ba2\u5bb6\u798f\u97f3\u5354\u6703\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u5c31\u767c\u8d77\u300c\u500d\u52a0\u904b\u52d5\u300d\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u5167\uff0c\u5c07\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5f9e\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u500d\u52a0\u81f3\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516d\u3002\u99ac\u4f86\u897f\u4e9e\u6c99\u5df4\u5dde\u662f\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u5bb6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7121\u8ad6\u6309\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6216\u4fe1\u4e3b\u4eba\u6578\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u548c\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5730\u5340\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u671f\u76fc\u5168\u7403\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u5411\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u50b3\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u8056\u5de5\u548c\u53f0\u7063\u3001\u6c99\u5df4\u770b\u9f4a\uff0c\u5168\u529b\u4ee5\u8d74\u9075\u884c\u4e3b\u8036\u7a4c\u6240\u56d1\u5490\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a\u628a\u798f\u97f3\u50b3\u5230\u5730\u6975\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u843d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u8a3b\u91cb\uff1a <\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1 \u5289\u93ae\u767c\u8457\uff1a\u300a \u201c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u201d\u2014\u8aa4\u6703\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u8aa4\u6703\u300b\uff08\u5ee3\u5dde\uff1a\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u96dc\u8a8c\u793e\uff0c2001\uff09 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2 \u4e16\u754c\u5ba2\u5c6c\u7e3d\u6703\u7db2\u5740\uff1ahttp\uff1a\/\/www.hxuc.com\/qiaotuan\/shijiegedi\/56.htm\u5167\u4ecb\u7d39\uff08ShijieKeshu Zonghui \u4e16\u754c\u5ba2\u5c6c\u7e3d\u6703\uff09\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3 \u4f59\u5049\u96c4\u300a\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u4e00\u767e\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u4e4b\u5de5\u4f5c\u300b\uff0c\u4f59\u5049\u96c4\u535a\u58eb\u4e3b\u7de8\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u7acb\u6703\u4e00\u56db\u96f6\u9031\u5e74\u7d00\u5ff5\u7279\u520a\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\uff0c1987\uff09\uff0c\u980155-71\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4 \u6d2a\u79c0\u5168\u4fe1\u5949\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5247\u8207\u4ed6\u95b1\u8b80\u6881\u767c\u7de8\u64b0\u7684\u300a\u52f8\u4e16\u826f\u8a00\u300b\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5bb6\u9109\u5275\u7acb\u62dc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6703\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u53c8\u5230\u5ee3\u5dde\u5f9e\u6d78\u4fe1\u6703\u6559\u58eb\u7f85\u5b5d\u5168\u7267\u5e2b\uff08Rev. Issachar Jacox Roberts\uff09\u5b78\u9053\u3002\u6d2a\u79c0\u5168\u7684\u300a\u539f\u9053\u6551\u4e16\u6b4c\u300b\u3001\u300a\u539f\u9053\u9192\u4e16\u8a13\u300b\u3001\u300a\u539f\u9053\u89ba\u4e16\u8a13\u300b\u548c\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u570b\u5370\u66f8\u300b\u7b49\u8457\u8ff0\u53cd\u6620\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u7406\u5c0d\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u63a5\u53d7\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u7f85\u9999\u6797\u6559\u6388\u5617\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u592a\u5e73\u8ecd\u5949\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8d77\u7fa9\u5efa\u570b\uff0c\u5180\u7384\u7f6a\u60e1\u4e4b\u6839\u8344\uff0c\u800c\u6b78\u5b97\u65bc\u535a\u611b\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u70ba\u7fa9\u8c48\u8207\u656c\u5929\u4ec1\u6c11\u6709\u6240\u6096\u4e4e\uff1f\u800c\u5176\u5149\u5fa9\u5927\u696d\u3001\u70ba\u6c11\u65cf\u76e1\u5927\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c24\u5c6c\u5c0a\u7956\u6240\u61c9\u723e\u3002\u201d\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u5ba2\u5bb6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u65bc\u4e2d\u83ef\u6c11\u65cf\u903e\u4e00\u500b\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u4e8b\u696d\u5f9e\u7121\u7f3a\u5e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u201c\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u570b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u662f\u6842\u6771\u5357\u548c\u7cb5\u897f\u7684\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u3002\u201d\u90ed\u8c6b\u660e\u3001\u5289\u4f50\u6cc9\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u570b\u8207\u637b\u8ecd\u3001\u5ba2\u5bb6\u300b\uff08\u6842\u6797\uff1a\u5ee3\u897f\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\uff09\uff0c\u9801182\u3002\u201c\u5bd3\u6e2f\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7f85\u2018\u9999\u6797\u2019\u6c0f\u5c45\u65bc\u65b0\u754c\u7c89\u5dba\uff0c\u592b\u4eba\u53d7\u8058\u65bc\u5d07\u8b19\u5802\u5f9e\u8b19\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u63a5\u89f8\u5d07\u8b19\u5802\u3002\u6642\u7f85\u6c0f\u6b77\u7d93\u570b\u5167\u6230\u4e82\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u5f77\u5fa8\u7121\u4f9d\uff0c\u201c\u6e34\u6155\u4e3b\u9053\u65e5\u6df1\u201d\uff0c\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6240\u611f\u52d5\u800c\u6b78\u4fe1\u30021951\u5e74\uff0c44\u6b72\u7684\u7f85\u9999\u6797\u8207\u59bb\u5152\u4e00\u540c\u63a5\u53d7\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u79ae\u540d\u201c\u9748\u5b97\u201d\u3001\u5176\u59bb\u5247\u540d\u201c\u9748\u6f54\u201d\u3002\u7f85\u9999\u6797\u5b88\u9053\u5f4c\u7be4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e3b\u65e5\u5fc5\u5055\u592b\u4eba\u89aa\u5f80\u7c89\u5dba\u5d07\u8b19\u5802\u53c3\u52a0\u4e3b\u65e5\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u7121\u9593\u98a8\u96e8\u3002\u96d6\u9060\u5c45\u6e2f\u5927\u6559\u6388\u5bbf\u820d\u53ca\u9077\u5c45\u9ea5\u7576\u52de\u9053\uff0c\u71b1\u60c5\u7121\u6539\u3002\u201d\u6e6f\u6cf3\u8a69\u300a\u4e00\u500b\u83ef\u5357\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5f9e\u5df4\u8272\u5dee\u6703\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e2d\u570b\u5b97\u6559\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u793e\uff0c2002\uff09\uff0c\u980176\u3002\u7f85\u9999\u6797\u65bc1955\u5e74\u88ab\u6309\u7acb\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f 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<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u83ef\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6703\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\uff08\u5143\u6717\u3001\u5927\u57d4\u548c\u8343\u7063\uff09\u3001\u63ed\u967d\uff08\u63ed\u897f\u4e94\u7d93\u5bcc\uff09\u548c\u535a\u7f85\u7684\u5ba2\u5bb6\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6559\u6703\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6 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<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7 \u6e6f\u6cf3\u8a69\u300a\u4e00\u500b\u83ef\u5357\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5f9e\u5df4\u8272\u5dee\u6703\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e2d\u570b\u5b97\u6559\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u793e\uff0c2002\uff09\uff0c\u980142\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9999\u6e2f\u653f\u5e9c\u65bc1981\u5e74\u9812\u5e03\u91ab\u7642\u8a3a\u6240\u689d\u4f8b\uff0c\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u624d\u505c\u8fa6\u91ab\u7642\u4e8b\u5de5\u3002\u6e6f\u6cf3\u8a69\u70ba\u5efa\u9053\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb2010\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u958b\u8a2d\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300c\u4e2d\u83ef\u65cf\u7fa4\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff1a\u5ba2\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u8207\u6559\u6703\u300d\u8b1b\u6388\u7b46\u8a18\u30022010\u5e7411\u67084\u65e5\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">8 \u5f35\u9053\u5be7\u3008\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u2014\u2014\u6551\u6069\u5802\u7c21\u53f2\u3009\uff0c\u4f59\u5049\u96c4\u535a\u58eb\u4e3b\u7de8\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\u7acb\u6703\u4e00\u56db\u96f6\u9031\u5e74\u7d00\u5ff5\u7279\u520a\u300b(\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9999\u6e2f\u5d07\u771f\u6703\uff0c 1987)\uff0c\u9801177-185\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9 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<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10 \u6703\u8b70\u5047\u5efa\u9053\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u5e02\u5340\u6821\u5712\u8209\u884c\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u6703\u8b70\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u7f85\u7956\u6f84\u7267\u5e2b\u3001\u7530\u6176\u5148\u5148\u751f\u3001\u90ed\u5049\u806f\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u8463\u5f69\u840d\u50b3\u9053\u548c\u8d99\u79c0\u82f1\u59ca\u59b9\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">11 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